Stored Grain - Mycotoxins
نویسندگان
چکیده
Mycotoxins are toxic fungal metabolites that cause intoxication when consumed by animals, including humans. Fungi that produce mycotoxins are called toxigenic fungi. The toxigenic fungi do not produce mycotoxins after they have been ingested by animals and humans. Toxigenic fungi grow in corn, cereals, soybeans, sorghum, peanuts, silage and other food, feed crops or hay in the field, and in grain during transportation. Mycotoxins can be produced in storage under conditions favorable for the growth of the toxin-producing fungus or fungi. Mycotoxins can be found in any animal feedstuff or human foodstuff that has previously supported growth of toxigenic fungi. It is estimated that there may be 20,000 to 300,000 unique mycotoxins and relatively few (<50) have been well characterized. These toxins can be found in processed foods and feeds produced from contaminated feedstocks. The most common mycotoxins are produced by fungi in the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. However, fungi in the genera Alternaria, Stachybotrys, Claviceps and Epichloe produce common and important mycotoxins.
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